Thursday, 18 September 2014

National: This Week Sep 1st to Sep 7th


Minister moots ‘work on holiday’ to meet shortage of doctors
Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan has mooted the idea of “work on holiday,” a concept which will allow specialist doctors to visit hill stations as guests of the State government to offer their services. Referring to the shortage of medical professionals in the country, especially in the far off and hilly areas, the Minister said there was a need for “out of the box” suggestions to tide over the problem.

He suggested “work on holiday,” which would allow senior doctors to work while resting. “They could deliver their professional services as cardiologists, gynaecologists, neurologists, anaesthetists etc. while simultaneously enjoying the State government’s hospitality with their families. This should be considered by them as an extension of their service

Govt. Urges SC to spare 46 coal blocks
The Centre on 1st September told the Supreme Court that it has no objection if the court cancels allocation of coal blocks allocated between 1993 and 2010. However, it wants to save 46 coal blocks, as the power situation in the country is very critical.

Attorney General Mukul Rohtagi told the bench headed by Chief Justice of India RM Lodha that the government is not in favour of constitution of a committee to recommend on the fate of illegal coal blocks, rather it has no objection to cancel all of them and go for immediate auction.

Rohtagi submitted that out of total 218 coal blocks allocations, 80 have been already cancelled by the government even before the Judgment passed by this court.

He said that the power situation in the country is very critical and at least 46 blocks should be spared as 40 of them are already functional and rest are ready to commence production.

The Apex Court has held all coal blocks that were allocated y the screening committee between 1993 and 2010, as illegal. Seeking the government and all parties to file their submissions through affidavits within a week, the bench fixed September 9 as the next date for further hearing.

AP crop loan waiver applicable for loans up to December 31, 2013
The Andhra Pradesh Government on 1st September notified that crop loans and agricultural gold loans disbursed for crop purposes up to December 31, 2013 are eligible for cover under the loan waiver scheme.

In an order issued, the Government has notified that crop, agricultural loans disbursed for crop, including the loans converted to medium term loans due to calamities, including interest rate up to December 2013 are eligible for cover.

The State Government through three notifications, including the one by the State Finance Ministry on August 14 had announced norms for debt relief to farmers, women self help groups. It had also issued operating guidelines for the implementing agencies.

The order also states that loans which were outstanding as on December 31, 2013 would be eligible for waiver even if they were subsequently repaid to bank or cooperative.

Nalanda University resumes its classes after 800-year break
The classes in Nalanda University were started on 1st September; this University was an ancient centre of learning in India, and among the first great universities in recorded history. It was also the first ever residential university in the world, holding capacity for thousands of students to stay on campus in dorms. In the 12th century, the university was decimated by invaders. But now, for the first time in 800 years, the spirit of Nalanda University revives again as classes begin at its newly established campus in Rajgir, just 12km away from the original site. Nalanda University was founded as early as the 5th century AD in the north eastern Indian state of Bihar. During its heyday, Nalanda could boast of its capacity to accommodate 10,000 students and 2,000 professors.

One of the interesting aspects of Nalanda University was its intake of ‘international students’ from as far away as Korea, Japan, China, Tibet, as well as Southeast, Central, and Western Asian regions. Nalanda University’s appeal to scholars from these regions was due to the fact that it was one of the most important seats of learning in the Buddhist world. But despite its focus on the study of Buddhism, students at Nalanda University were allowed to pursue other areas of secular knowledge, such as the fine arts, medicine, astronomy, mathematics, politics, and even the art of war. As a result, numerous illustrious thinkers were associated with the university. The real blow to Nalanda came with the arrival of Muslim invaders in 1197 led by Mohammad Bakhtiyar Khilji, a general of Qutbuddin Aibak, who were intolerant of other religions and cultures. Much of the university was demolished, its priceless library was burnt down, and many of its scholars, including Buddhist monks, were mercilessly slaughtered, in what was one of the greatest acts of cultural vandalism in India.

The university’s chancellor, Amartya Sen, is confident that the new Nalanda University will be a success. Whilst the original Nalanda University took about 200 years to achieve prominence, Sen believes that the new university will be able to establish its place in the academic world in just a few decades.

Telangana to go green, to plant 230 crore seedlings
Telangana is embarking upon an ambitious plan to plant 230 crore plants, with a view to increase the forest cover to 33 per cent from 25.16 per cent, under ‘Telangana Ku Haritha Haaram’ or Green necklace for Telangana programme. The State will deploy Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing images to take stock of the forest cover and to monitor the afforestation programmes.

Of the 230 crore plants, 130 crore will be planted outside of forest areas. The HMDA (Hyderabad Metropolitan Authority) area will take a share of 10 crore plants, with the remaining 120 crore seedlings will be planted in other parts of the State.

Centre unveils strategy to tackle Kala-azar
The Centre on 2nd September unveiled a kala-azar rapid diagnosis kit as part of its strategy to combat the disease which predominantly strike Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. The kit developed by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).

An insecticide, synthetic Pyrethroid, directed specifically at the sand fly, which is known vector source of kala-azar, would also be supplied for spraying on the walls of homes in the endemic regions. The strategy also involves carrying out active searches for people with symptoms of the disease in the 54 affected districts of the four States. Thirty-three districts in Bihar, 11 of West Bengal, four in Jharkhand and six districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh of Bihar are affected by Kala-azar.

Kala azar also known as Visceral leishmaniasis
It is a, black fever, and Dumdum fever
It is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus.
This disease is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria), responsible for an estimated 500,000 infections each year worldwide.

Kaloji cultural centre planned in Warangal
The government of Telangana will construct a cultural centre named after Kaloji Narayana Rao in Warangal as a tribute to the celebrated people’s poet on the occasion of his birth centenary falling on September 9. The decision was taken by Chief Minister K. Chandrasekhar Rao The cultural centre is being planned at Balasamudram near Warangal in three acres land on the lines of Ravindra Bharathi auditorium. Apart from an auditorium with 2,000 seating capacity, the cultural centre should have a huge statue of Kaloji and a park, the Chief Minister directed the officials Department of Culture.

It was also decided to allot land to Hanmakonda Kaloji Cultural Centre to organise the programmes by Kaloji Foundation. The Chief Minister will participate in the programme at Warangal and the official centenary celebrations at Ravindra Bharathi here on September 9.

Kaloji Narayana Rao more popularly known as Kaloji or Kalanna was an Indian poet, freedom fighter, Anti-fascist and political activist of Telangana. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1992

Lokpal search panel gets freedom of choice
The Department of Personnel and Training has notified amendments giving autonomy to the Lokpal search committee to shortlist and recommend names independently for selection of Chairman and members of the anti-corruption body.

The amendments act as a course correction after the former Supreme Court judge Justice K.T. Thomas opted out from heading the search committee in March 2014, citing lack of autonomy. Eminent jurist Fali Nariman too had turned down the post of a member of the panel for that reason.

Justice Thomas had objected to the provision that the search committee should only shortlist candidates from a list provided by the department.

The amendment made in Rule 10 of the Search Committee Rules removed this roadblock by omitting the words “from among the list of persons provided by the Central Government in the Department of Personnel and Training.”

SC monitors Ganga clean-up
Unhappy with the government’s affidavit setting out its plans to clean the Ganga, the Supreme Court on 3rd September said it wanted to monitor the progress made in efforts to restore the river and asked for a roadmap.

The affidavit said professionals from seven IITs were preparing a comprehensive Ganga River Basin Management report. A report would be filed by December-end. It said purification of the Ganga was a national priority. Restoring the ecological sanctity of the river would be the prime focus and a major step towards that would be creating awareness of river conservation and ensuring people’s participation.

4-member ministerial panel to decide on green regulator
The government on 4th September formed a panel of four ministers on setting up a national regulator for the environment. The four are Prakash Javadekar (environment and forests), Nitin Gadkari (road transport), Ananth Kumar (chemicals and fertilizers) and Piyush Goel (power, coal and renewable energy).

The Supreme Court had on January 6 this year directed the government to appoint a national regulator under Section 3(3) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, by end-March; later, more time was given. On taking charge of his portfolio, Javadekar sought more time from the court to examine the issue.

Andhra Pradesh's new capital around Vijayawada city
The Andhra Pradesh government on 4th Septembeer said it would make a new capital city for the truncated state in the areas around Vijayawada. Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu moved a resolution in the state legislative Assembly to this effect, later endorsed.

It has proposed to acquire the needed land from farmers through a land pooling mechanism, encouraging people to participate and benefit from development of a capital city.

According to the AP Reorganisation Act, the state government has the final authority to decide on the new capital but in consultation with the Centre. It is not clear if the Centre was consulted before declaring Vijayawada as the centre around which the new capital would be built.

The five-member Sivaramakrishnan committee on the subject had suggested splitting the capital city’s locations and functions. It had recommended against the idea of a single city hosting the entire capital city functions and strongly recommended distribution of the location of top government offices, including the high court, across various places in the state.

About Vijayawada

Located on the banks of Krishna river in Krishna district of south coastal Andhra, Vijayawada is about 300 km from Hyderabad. With a population of over a million as per 2011 census, Vijayawada is a major commercial hub.
Infrastructure-wise, the city is blessed with a thermal power plant and a unique railway line that connects the northern and southern parts of the country. Any capital would prefer to have unhindered supply of water.
The bridges on Krishna river, the Vijayawada-Amaravati-Mangalagiri ring roads make a further case for the to-be capital.
Mangalagiri, Amaravati, Kondapalli, Mylavaram, which abound Vijayawada have lots of available land. If the neighbouring Guntur and Tenali are added to the equation, the emerging area will be bigger than Hyderabad.
There is an airport situated at the nearby Gannavaram. The Central Government has already assured the state that the Gannavaram airport will be developed on the lines of a big airport.

Suicide rate highest among youngsters in India: WHO
Youngsters in the 15-29 years age group accounted for the highest rate of suicide per 100,000 populations in India during 2012, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) report published recently. The report also found India registering the highest estimated number of suicides in the world in 2012.

According to the report……………

258,075 people committed suicide in India in 2012. Out of this, 99,977 were women and 158,098 were men. In the age group of 15-29 years, the suicide rate was 35.5 per 100,000 during the year, whereas people between 30-49 years 28 persons out of 100,000 committed suicide.
The overall rate of suicide in India is low at 21.1 compared with other countries.
The rate of suicide per 100,000 people in Sri Lanka is 28.8. In Guyana and North Korea it is 44.2 and 38.5, respectively.
The WHO report also revealed that one person commits suicide every 40 seconds globally, while, about 800,000 people die by suicide every year.
The annual global suicide rate is 11.4 per 100,000 people.
However, in countries such as China, the rate is much lower at 7.8 per 100,000. Similarly, in Malaysia, only three per 100,000 committed suicide.
Pesticide poisoning, hanging and firearms are among the most common methods of suicide globally.
Suicide by intentional pesticide ingestion is of particular concern in rural agricultural areas in the south-east Asian region, the report noted.
About 75 per cent of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries.
The report points out that in high-income countries, mental disorders are present in up to 90 per cent of people who end up committing suicide. However, studies from China and India show that mental disorders are less prevalent at 60 per cent among those who commit suicide.

Relief to under trials in jails
The Supreme Court on 5th September ordered the release of those languishing in jails and awaiting completion of trials and who have served more than half the maximum sentence for the offence they have been charged with. To identify such under trials, a bench headed by Chief Justice R M Lodha directed district judges to visit jails once a week during October-November this year. The district judges are expected to file reports in this regard at the end of November.

It asked registrars of high courts to collect data from jails and send reports based on these to the registrar-general of the Supreme Court. The court will take up these reports on December 8. The court also directed the government to come up with a road map to fast-track the criminal judicial system. It expressed regret at the lack of budgetary support for jail infrastructure.

According to National Crime Records Bureau data of the 385,135 prisoners in India at the end of 2012, under trials accounted for 66.2 per cent. In states such as Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Meghalaya, under trials accounted for more than 80 per cent of prison inmates. Most of them see prolonged imprisonment even for petty crimes, as they aren't able to apply for bail due to ignorance, poverty or abandonment by families.

NEWS study on Mangroves
According to a recent study of mangrove forests in Sunderbans has revealed a change in their vegetation pattern, with the high salt-tolerant Avicennia species being edged out by Ceriops decandra, a relatively less-salt tolerant variety of mangrove, suggesting an evolution of the mangroves.

The study titled ‘Benchmark Studies on the Status of Mangrove Forest’ has been conducted by the Nature Environment & Wildlife Society (NEWS), sponsored by the Sunderban Biosphere Reserve under the ‘Mangrove for Future’ theme of the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

A change in the mangrove species may lead to change in biodiversity, ecology species variation and finally to the variation in gene pool, Ajanta Dey, project director (NEWS) said.

The Sundarbans is a natural region in Bengal. It is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world. The Sunderbans is approximately 10,000 km2 of which 60% is located in Bangladesh with the remainder in India. The Sunderbans is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

International: This week Sep 1st to Sep 7th


Violence continues in Pakistan
The situation in Pakistan is tense. Anti-Government demonstrations are pitching high. The clashes broke out and demonstrators who have laid siege to the heart of the Pakistani establishment, housing the Presidency, the National Assembly, the Supreme Court, the Prime Minister’s Office, sought to storm Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif’s residence nearby after breaking through the police barricade. Cricketer-turned-politician Imran Khan vowed to fight till death.

A brief back ground
On 14 August 2014, cricketer turned politician Imran Khan started his march at container. 7 hours after leaving from Zaman Park Lahore, the march reached Faisal Chowk where Khan addressed the marchers demanding the resignation of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.

On 15 August, Khan's convoy was attacked by stones PMLN supporters in Gujranwala. PMLN MPA from Gujranwala Imran Khalid's brother Poomi Butt was allegedly involved in this attack. Khan was reported to be attacked with guns which forced him to travel him in bullet-proof vehicle.

Khan's march reached Islamabad 38 hours after departing from Zaman Park Lahore. Addressing his supporters at Aabpara Chowk, Khan again demanded resignation of prime minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif and re-election in Pakistan.

World’s largest duty-free shop opens in China
The world's largest duty-free shop (DFS) opened on 1st September in China’s city Sanya. This duty-free shopping center has attracted nearly 300 international brands. For several of them, including Prada, Rolex and Giorgio Armani, it is the first time they have appeared in a DFS on the Chinese mainland.

China International Travel Service Group (CITS) has invested 5 billion yuan (about 814 million US dollars) in the center, which is run by China Duty Free Group under CITS. Wang Weimin, chairman of CITS, said the new store excels in functions, the number of brands and shopping area compared with any others in the world, and called its opening is a milestone for China's duty-free market.

Russia and Ukraine agreement
Russian President Vladimir Putin on 3rd September called on both Ukrainian rebels and government forces to cease fire and agree to the broad terms of a truce ending their four-month war. Mr. Putin’s first direct appeal on the insurgents to lay down their weapons came hours after the beleaguered Ukrainian President, Petro Poroshenko, said he and Mr. Putin had agreed on a ceasefire deal.

The announcements raised hopes of an end to fighting that has killed at least 2,600 people and driven relations between Russia and the West to their lowest ebb since the Cold War.

The Russian leader added that he expected a final agreement to be announced by the insurgents and Kiev representatives during European-mediated negotiations on Friday in the Belarussian capital Minsk.

Russia and Ukraine relations

Russia–Ukraine relations were established in 1991
Governmental relations between the two countries are complex.
After the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution when the pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych was ousted on 21 February 2014 the relations between Russia and Ukraine deteriorated rapidly;
The administration in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was swiftly replaced with one which demanded unification (of Crimea) with the Russian Federation and demonstrators seized or attempted to seize control of administrative buildings in the Donbass and southern Ukraine.
In March 2014 a referendum was held in Crimea which facilitated the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. Throughout March and April 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine spread with pro-Russian "People's Republics" being proclaimed in Donetsk and Luhansk.
Open fighting between pro-Russian "People's Militias" and the Armed Forces of Ukraine began in May 2014. As of July 2014 a state of war exists between Ukraine and the pro-Russian rebels in the east.
After the election of pro-Russian Viktor Yanukovych as Ukrainian President in early 2010 the relations between the two nations had improved, then deteriorated in 2014 with the Crimean crisis and the Russian military intervention in the peninsula. Later, Ukraine suspended majority of ties with Russia including military cooperation and export of Defense equipments

Violence part of life for world’s youth: UN
A new report from the United Nations’ children agency says that young people from around the world are routinely exposed to violence, ranging from homicide and forced sexual acts to bullying and abusive discipline from parents. The report found that in 2012 alone almost 95,000 children and adolescents were murdered, making it the leading cause of death among people under the age of 20. Most of them lived in low- and middle-income countries. The study also finds that about six in 10 children worldwide between the ages of two and 14 numbering almost one billion are subjected to physical punishment by their caregivers on a regular basis. The report drew on data from 190 countries and was released on 4th September.

NATO approves new force aimed at deterring Russia
NATO leaders approved plan on 5th September to create a rapid response force with a headquarters in Eastern Europe that could quickly mobilize if an alliance country in the region were to come under attack. NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said a command headquarters would be set up in Eastern Europe with supplies and equipment stockpiled there, enabling the "spearhead" force to mobilize and deploy quickly.

NATO air patrol flights over the Baltic and other air, land and naval measures already in place will be extended indefinitely, Rasmussen said, as part of a readiness package that also calls for upgraded intelligence-sharing and more short-term military exercises.

NATO:
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An additional 22 countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15 other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programmes

Ukraine signs ceasefire agreement with rebels
Ukraine's government and separatist leaders signed a ceasefire deal on 5th September after talks in Belarus, raising hopes of an end to the nearly five-month conflict that has wracked eastern Ukraine.

The ceasefire talks in Minsk, Belarus, were brokered by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and involved a former Ukrainian president, leaders of the pro-Russian rebels, and a Russian delegate. Both sides agreed to stop fighting, and the OSCE said it would monitor the ceasefire. However, the full agreement has not been published.

Sanctions by EU
European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso said in a statement on 5th September that the EU had expanded the list of persons under an EU asset freeze and travel ban to include the new leadership in eastern Ukraine, the Crimean government and Russian decision-makers and oligarchs. The sanctions are due to be formally adopted on 1st September. However, quoted said the measures could be suspended if the ceasefire held and if Moscow withdrew forces from Ukraine.

Iran fails to meet deadline in probe
Iran has failed to meet a deadline to provide answers about its nuclear weapons program, the UN atomic watchdog says in a report.

Not answering the International Atomic Energy Agency's long-standing questions over the allegations could harm the chances of a potentially historic deal between Iran and world powers focused on Tehran's current activities.

New talks on this possible accord between Iran and the five permanent members of the UN Security Council are due to resume in New York on September 18 ahead of a November 24 deadline to cut a deal. In the new quarterly report the IAEA said that Iran missed a mutually agreed August 25 deadline to provide answers on two of these areas, saying merely they had 'begun discussions'.

The report also said that more construction work had been noticed at the Parchin military base, a key site in the nuclear weapons probe, making an investigation there more difficult.

The IAEA said it had 'observed through satellite imagery ongoing construction activity (at Parchin) ... These activities are likely to have further undermined the Agency's ability to conduct effective verification'.

Morsi charged for leaking secretes
Egypt charged ousted President Mohammad Morsi and several other people on 6th September with endangering national security by leaking state secrets and sensitive documents to Qatar, dealing a further blow to his outlawed Muslim Brotherhood.

Relations between Qatar and Egypt have been icy since July 2013, when then-Egyptian army chief Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi toppled Morsi after mass unrest against his rule.

Qatar had supported Morsi, who is already in jail along with thousands of Brotherhood members, many of whom have been sentenced to death on separate charges.

The Cairo public prosecutor's office said that its secret investigation had unearthed enough evidence of espionage to charge Morsi in a criminal court.